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#biomineralization

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Emilia Jarochowska 🇺🇦🌱

It's very satisfying to see the crown article of my first PhD student Bryan Shirley published! Skeleton is usually all that remains from an animal in the fossil record, so in order to find out how the animal functioned when alive, we have to squeeze out clues from the skeletal tissues, for example using advanced #ElectronMicroscopy 🔬. We were told that vertebrate tissues are too chemically unstable to study this way, but with the help of experts in microscopy, we were able to make rapid measurements of crystallography in the oldest #vertebrate hashtag#teeth to understand how they function evolved. Turns out the crystal orientation reflects the function! From the #ultrastructure we can estimate how the animals were biting and see their evolutionary adaptations at the level of individual crystals 💎 This was possible thanks to the facilities and funding by EXCITE network and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - German Research Foundation

Now published #OpenAccess at rdcu.be/dLpbD
#UtrechtUniversity #evolution #biomineralization #paleontology #paleobiology #conodonts

In situ map of crystals in a section of a conodont tissue, with colors indicating crystal orientations. Next to it are pole figures showing the distributions of crystals in the directions of the c-axis and a-axis of apatite.
Public
Lukas VFN 🇪🇺

#Ediacaran #fossils reveal origins of #biomineralization that led to expansion of life on Earth
phys.org/news/2023-09-ediacara

Constraining the onset and environmental setting of #metazoan biomineralization sciencedirect.com/science/arti

"#Cloudina originated in a low #oxygen environment with periods of notably higher #oxygenation... it was not a case of sustained oxygenation that resulted in the appearance of #skeletonization... high #carbonate concentrations in the ocean were necessary"

Schematic interpretation of depositional environments across the study area in Tsau Khaeb National Park, Namibia, during which Cloudina biomineralisation occurred. A) Marine transgression led to deposition of sandstones and siltstones in a shallow shoreface; b) continued marine transgression forming an evaporite basin partially restricted from the open ocean; c) peak sea level with open marine conditions and extensive carbonate deposits; d) sea level fall during which Cloudina biomineralisation occurred in periods of oxygenation
Public
Furqan Shah

Mysterious #crystals on #bone exposed to tryptic soy broth: The plot thickens! 💎🦴

Elemental composition analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (#EDX/#EDS) picks up #calcium, #sulphur (#sulfur), but #phosphorus only occasionally! 🧪🔍

The #mystery crystals turn out to be calcium sulphate, with uncanny resemblance to the crystal habit of α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate!!!!! 🔬

Read the backstory here:
mstdn.science/@furqanshah/1100

#science#microscopy#biomineralization
Public
Furqan Shah

#Magnesium #whitlockite formation in the alveolar #bone, with #bisphosphonate exposure and osteolytic #skeletal #metastasis. Scanning electron microscopy, Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal Mg-rich, rhomboidal nodules (200 nm to 2.4 µm) within the lacuno-canalicular space. Mg-whitlockite formation in #osteocyte lacunae is multifactorial in #nature and suggests altered bone #biomineralization.

Read more:
doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2023.

#Metastasis, #osteolysis, and #bisphosphonates: #Micropetrosis is a condition associated with #aging and #apoptotic #osteocyte #lacunae The lacuno-canalicular space is occluded by #mineral deposition, usually #apatite – the same #biomineral found in #bone 🦴 and #teeth 🦷 Here, an unusual #magnesium rich mineral called #whitlockite is observed in the form of #rhomboid shaped nodules – confirmed using #RamanSpectroscopy with scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis.
#biology#pathology#science
Public
Furqan Shah

Through the eyes of an #osteocyte. In #bone, this is what the environment of partially embedded osteocytes (osteoblastic–osteocytes) is like!

Scanning electron microscopy has been used to observe the orientation of mineral platelets in relation to osteoblastic–osteocyte lacunae on the surface of deproteinized trabecular bone in adult sheep.

Read more:
doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-007

@zeiss_micro #microscopy #biology #imaging #biomineralization #extracellularmatrix #friday

This work used scanning electron microscopy to analyze the orientation of mineral platelets in relation to the lacunae of partially embedded osteocytes (or osteoblastic–osteocytes) on the surface of deproteinized trabecular bone in adult sheep. The mineral platelets showed high directional coherence and a mean orientation of 19°–20° at the osteoblastic–osteocyte lacuna floor. We also characterized the features observed on the bone surface using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The orientation of the mineral platelets may be due to a gradual rotation of osteoblasts in successive layers, contributing to the unique pattern of lamellar bone.
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