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#pedestal

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Public
Splines
We have now looked at every nook and cranny of the complete #IonicOrder in microscopic detail.

Here is one more look at the underside of the #ovolo to revel in the splendor before we move on to the macro level, the first step of which is arranging columns in a row to create a #colonnade according to spacing rules known as #intercolumniation.

Colonnades need not be straight and can follow arcs or other (preferably loose) sweeping curves.

As mentioned in https://pixelfed.social/p/Splines/790357912719769731, a #pedestal is always optional.

Greek designers designed the Ionic Order with full columns. The Romans introduced half columns on surfaces of walls, with or without arches. Multiple columns with arches, whether in series or in parallel, are called #arcades.

The rules for #arcade intercolumniation are different from those for simple intercolumniation, varying even by whether pedestals are present or not.
Public
Splines
The bottom 1/3 of the #columnShaft for an #IonicColumn is a perfect cylinder. So the line below point B is a straight line.

In https://pixelfed.social/p/Splines/791723063470910081, we blended the bottom end of the 60° arc and the top end of the long interpolated curve between points J and K. Now blend the bottom end of the interpolated curve and the top end of the straight line between points B and C to obtain the 3rd and final #NURBS segment for the #primaryProfileCurve of the shaft.

Just like there's a #cavetto and #fillet near the #neck of the shaft, there is a fillet and cavetto near the foot of the shaft. However, there is a subtle difference between the two. The cavetto near the neck is tangential to the blended #NURBS curve that is not a straight line. The profile curve for the cavetto near the foot is tangential to a straight line.

There is a special name for a cavetto that is tangential to a straight line or flat surface, like the two cavetto moldings in the #dado of the #pedestal. It's called a #conge. Another alternate name for the cavetto molding is #cove, which is evocative of "cave" because of its concave profile curve.

Above the neck is a fillet 8 units tall and an #astragal 16 units tall that #Scarlata puts in braces in the column shaft section within his tables of #VignolaProportions, with a note saying they are not counted as part of the shaft but are accounted for as part of the #capital.

I decided to include the top fillet as part of the shaft and keep the astragal with the capital. It does not change the design or alter the proportions in any way, but the inclusion of the fillet makes it more practical for #3DPrinting and #CNCMilling of the neck. This concludes the profile curve for the shaft with a height of 291 parts or 2328 units + 8 for fillet.

The column shaft is tapered in the upper 2/3 due to #entasis whose purpose is to make optical corrections to the shape of the column which, without correction, appeared concave near the top.
Replied in thread
Public
Alankar

⬆️ UPDATE: Tweaked the #IonicPedestal #profileCurve in this 🧵 based on feedback by @iorsh.

There's a razor-sharp portion in the #Basement of the #pedestal profile curve. Even though these are #manifoldEdges "inside" the object, they might cause practical #3DPrinting problems in some cases. Best to avoid them.

To fix, #explode the profile curve, remove the straight edge near the bottom of the #reed. Draw a vertical cutting line on the XY plane where the reed ends and trim the left of #cymaRecta

Shows the schematics of how to remove a razor-sharp portion in the profile curve of Ionic Pedestal
Replied in thread
Public *
Alankar

⬆️ #IonicPedestal #3DModeling #SurfaceExtrusion

Ensure that all #ProfileCurves segments are joined into one curve and extrude it along the right side of the pedestal to a little over the maximum distance the curve projects from the column axis.

In this case, the maximum projection is 280 units for the top #fillet of the #pedestal #cap. So, extending it to 300 on both sides for a total length of 600 units should be sufficient.

This shows a perspective view of the outside surface before mitering

Extrusion of pedestal profile curve showing a perspective view of the outside surface before mitering
Replied in thread
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Alankar

⬆️ #CAD #3DModeling

>> There are 3 components in the #Ionic order: #pedestal (optional), #column, and #entablature.

The pedestal, column, and entablature are always in 4:12:3 ratio. If all components are present, the total order height is divisible by 19. If there's no pedestal, the total height is divisible by 15.

The actual height is determined as a multiple of the column diameter.

#Vitruvius called the diameter a "module" — an abstract unit of measure independent of physical units.

Continued thread
Public *
Alankar

⬆️ #CAD #3DModeling

>> #IonicOrder is medium in complexity

There are 3 components in the #Ionic order. Starting at the bottom is the #pedestal (which is optional), the #column, and the #entablature.

Each of the 3 components has 3 subcomponents.

Pedestal has #basement, #dado, and #cap.

Column has #base, #shaft, and #capital.

Entablature has #architrave, #frieze, and #cornice.

Components of Ionic column and entablature also have classic and modern variations.

Public
DoomsdaysCW

My comments in brackets.

A small drone flies into a damaged #Fukushima #nuclear reactor for the first time to study melted fuel

by MARI YAMAGUCHI

Updated Wed, February 28, 2024 at 8:20 AM EST

"A drone small enough to fit in one's hand flew inside one of the damaged reactors at #Japan's #FukushimaDaiichi #NuclearPowerPlant Wednesday in hopes it can examine some of the molten fuel debris in areas where earlier robots failed to reach [the radiation fried some of them].

"Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings also began releasing the fourth batch of the plant’s treated and diluted #radioactive #wastewater into the [#PacificOean] Wednesday. The government and TEPCO, the plant's operator, say the water is safe [BULLSHIT] and the process is being monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency, but the discharges have faced strong opposition by fishing groups and a Chinese ban on Japanese seafood.

"A magnitude 9.0 quake and tsunami in March 2011 destroyed the plant's power supply and cooling systems, causing three reactors to melt down. The government and TEPCO plan to remove the massive amount of fatally radioactive melted nuclear fuel that remains inside each reactor — a daunting decommissioning process that's been delayed for years and mired by technical hurdles and a lack of data.

"To help on data, a fleet of four drones were set to fly one at a time into the hardest-hit No. 1 reactor’s primary containment vessel. TEPCO plans to probe a new area Thursday.

"TEPCO has sent a number of probes — including a crawling robot and an underwater vehicle — inside each reactor but was hindered by debris, #HighRadiation and the inability to navigate through the rubble, though they were able to gather some data. In 2015, the first robot to go inside got stuck on a grate.

"Wednesday’s drone flight comes after months of preparations that began in July at a nearby mock facility.

"The drones, each weighing 185 grams (6.5 ounces), are highly maneuverable and their blades hardly stir up dust, making them a popular model for factory safety checks. Each carries a front-loaded high-definition camera to send live video and higher-quality images to an operating room.

"In part due to battery life, the drone investigation inside a reactor is limited to a 5-minute flight.

"TEPCO officials said they plan to use the new data to develop technology for future probes as well as a process to remove the melted fuel from the reactor. The data will also be used in the investigation of how the 2011 meltdown occurred.

"On Wednesday, two drones inspected the area around the exterior of the main structural support in the vessel, called the #pedestal. Based on the images they transmitted, TEPCO officials decided to send the other two in Thursday.

"The pedestal is directly under the reactor’s core. Officials hope to film the core’s bottom to find out how overheated fuel dripped there in 2011.

"About 880 tons of highly radioactive melted #NuclearFuel remain inside the three damaged reactors. Critics say the 30- to 40-year cleanup target set by the government and TEPCO is overly optimistic. The damage in each reactor is different, and plans need to accommodate their conditions.

"TEPCO's goal is to remove a small amount of melted debris from the least-damaged No. 2 reactor as a test case by the end of March by using a giant robotic arm. It was forced to delay due to difficulty removing a deposit blocking its entry.

"As in the past three rounds of wastewater discharges which started in August, TEPCO plans to release 7,800 metric tons of the treated water through mid-March after diluting it with massive amounts of seawater and sampling it to make sure radioactivity is far below international standards [by using faulty dosimeters].

"China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning on Wednesday accused Japan of risking the whole world with '#NuclearContaminated water' and demanded it stop 'this wrongdoing.' Mao urged #Japan to cooperate in an independent monitoring system with neighboring countries and other stakeholders [rather than bribing the #IAEA]."

Source:
yahoo.com/news/small-drone-fli

Yahoo News · A small drone flies into a damaged Fukushima nuclear reactor for the first time to study melted fuelBy MARI YAMAGUCHI
#WaterIsLife#FukushimaIsntOver#TEPCOLies
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