ETIDIoH<p><strong>Enhanced #encephalitic #tropism of <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bovine/" target="_blank">#bovine</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#H5N1</a> compared to the <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/vietnam-2/" target="_blank">#Vietnam</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#H5N1</a> isolate in #mice</strong></p><p>Source: BioRxIV, <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.19.624162v1" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.19.624162v1</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>In recent years, the <strong>landscape of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus infections has shifted</strong>, as evidenced by an increase in <strong>infections among mammals</strong>. This includes the <strong>recent circulation of H5N1 in dairy cattle herds </strong>in the USA and a rise in associated human cases. In this study, we investigated differences in <strong>tissue tropism </strong>of two HPAI H5N1 strains, the isolate <strong>A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (VN1203) </strong>isolated from <strong>a fatal human case in 2004 </strong>and the bovine isolate <strong>A/Bovine/Ohio/B24osu-342/2024 (Bov342) </strong>isolated in 2024, in <strong>C57BL/6J mice</strong>. Infection with either HPAI H5N1 isolate was <strong>uniformly lethal in mice</strong>. However, <strong>tissue tropism </strong>differed significantly: while <strong>VN1203 </strong>replication was largely <strong>restricted to the respiratory tract</strong>, <strong>Bov342 </strong>successfully <strong>replicated in the respiratory tract as well as various regions of the brain</strong>. Bov342-challenged animals exhibited <strong>clinical signs consistent with central nervous system </strong>(CNS) infection, and infectious virus was detected in <strong>brain tissue</strong>. Correspondingly, <strong>cytokine profiles </strong>in the brain differed significantly between the isolates. Notably, in addition to abundant evidence of <strong>CNS infection in Bov342-challenged mice </strong>via immunohistochemistry, sporadic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity was observed in other tissues in the head, including the choroid plexus, retina, and inner ear. This study demonstrates that while both HPAI H5N1 isolates are uniformly lethal in C57BL/6J mice <strong>upon aerosol exposure</strong>, significant differences exist in tissue tropism, with Bov342 resulting in respiratory disease as well as increased neurotropism and inflammation in the brain and nasal turbinates compared to VN1203, which predominantly induces respiratory disease.</p><p>____</p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n1-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/animal-models/" target="_blank">#animalModels</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/neuroinvasion/" target="_blank">#neuroinvasion</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/animal-health/" target="_blank">#animalHealth</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/dairy-cow/" target="_blank">#dairyCow</a></p>